• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Thermal machine with thermodynamic cycle and procedure of operation thereof. Constituted by a tank (1) of compressed liquid subcooled at room temperature, which is filled well with recoverable liquids supplied by a machine with closed thermal cycle new liquids supplied by thermal machines with open thermal cycle, a suction line, a pump, line output (6) of the pump, high temperature fluid supply line, fluid mixing zone, a turbine, turbine outlet to the environment or a closed cycle thermal machine, and a heat exchanger can be added to said outlet or a boiler. It works by pumping the compressed liquid from the tank to the mixing zone and simultaneously introducing high temperature fluid, increasing the speed obtained by the change of density by evaporation. The mixture is sent to the turbine to perform a work by changing kinetic energy. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2585879A1
    申请号:ES201500251
    申请日:2015-04-10
    公开日:2016-10-10
    发明作者:Luis Carlos Sepulveda Montilla
    申请人:Luis Carlos Sepulveda Montilla；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Brayton cycle the actual output temperature ranges from 495 to 560 degrees Celsius.
    In closed cycle thermal machines, the high temperature fluid that leaves the turbine loses its energy as it passes through the condensers or heat exchangers.
    There are currently no equipment or inventions that use fluid pumping to take advantage of this energy by changing the kinetic energy by evaporation and being sent to a turbine or turbine groups to generate thermodynamic work. Therefore, the energy possessed by hot gases is lost. In contrast with the present invention the saturated or superheated steam that is obtained when mixing or exchanging heat is sent to a turbine that takes advantage of the change of kinetic energy in it to generate a job. This makes the thermal machine more efficient because it still takes advantage of the remaining energy that has hot gases and decreases the volume of C02 that is sent to the atmosphere
    The way to take advantage of the energy of current thermal machines is done by varying the enthalpy by changing the pressure in a turbine. It is not done by changing the kinetic energy in the turbine since the changes in the kinetic energy at high pressures are not considerable. This is due to the fact that the change in kinetic energy due to a change in density is small compared to the change in enthalpy.
    For example a thermal machine of a Rankine cycle takes water at a temperature of 20 ° C and atmospheric pressure. It raises the pressure to 2 Mpa and the fluid leaves the boiler at a temperature of 400 ° C with a mass flow of 7.5 Kg / s carries a speed of 1 mIs at the inlet of the boiler and a speed at the outlet of 140 mIs . It has a kinetic energy change of 9.8 KJ / kg because its density changed from 948 Kg / m3 to 6.61 Kg / m3 and its enthalpy change is 2861 KJ / kg. That is, the change in kinetic energy is very small and that is why it is despised. And as the pressure is higher, the change in kinetic energy is less.
    In the present invention its increase is made by evaporation at atmospheric pressure and the vapor density at 400 ° C would be 0.3223 Kg / m3, changing its speed from 1 mIs to 2870 mIs so its change in kinetic energy is 4120 , 04 KJ / kg. It is a significant change and its energy can be used by sending it to a turbine.
    The advantage offered with the present invention is to take advantage of the energy still available by hot fluids at the turbine outlet of the thermal machines before they are lost to the atmosphere by evaporating a liquid causing its speed to increase significantly to I can do a job on a turbine.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Although no invention identical to that described has been found, we present below found documents that reflect the state of the art related to it.
    Thus, document ES2447827T3 describes a thermodynamic machine comprising a circuit system in which a working fluid circulates that particularly boils at low temperature, alternately in a gas phase and a liquid phase, with a heat exchanger, with a machine expansion, with a condenser and with a liquid pump, characterized in that a partial pressure that increases the system pressure is imposed on the liquid working fluid in the head of the liquid pump, through the addition of an auxiliary gas not condensable.
    The proposed invention is based on harnessing energy by changing kinetic energy due to the evaporation of one or more compressed liquids when mixed with a fluid at a temperature greater than that of the boiling point. Auxiliary gas is not used to prevent cavitation and an expansion machine that plays the role of turbine and
    harness energy by the change of entropy as the invention does
    compared
    ES2453904T3 proposes a thermodynamic system, comprising: -a cyclic heat exchange system, and -a heat transfer system comprising: an annular evaporator that includes a wall configured to be coupled to a part of the cyclic heat exchange system and a main wick coupled to the wall, and a condenser coupled to the evaporator to form a closed loop that houses a working fluid; wherein the annular evaporator is adjusted by interference in the cyclic heat exchange system.
    In the proposed invention, the available energy of a fluid that is at a high temperature is used by evaporating one or more compressed liquids when mixed. The kinetic energy of the mixture is what is used to perform a work on the turbine and is not just a heat exchanger.
    Document ES2012529A6 proposes a combined thermodynamic cycle and machine, in which the machine is constituted by the association of a thermal engine with a reverse thermodynamic machine related to its intake load, which follows a thermodynamic cycle that presents an initial compression along a line next to an isotherm or a polytropic of formula p.Vn = constant (where p = pressure, V = volume, n = specific heats ratio), in which n »1, and an expansion along a line close to a total expansion, all with a maximum temperature and pressure.
    In the proposed invention, the energy of the exhaust gases is used when mixed with a compressed liquid or compressed liquids to obtain thermodynamic work and is not used to operate a reverse machine, that is, a refrigerator.
    ES2363455T3 refers to a thermoelectric energy storage system to provide thermal energy to a thermodynamic machine for generating electricity, which comprises; a hot storage unit that is in connection with a heat exchanger and contains a thermal storage medium, a working fluid circuit for the circulation of a working fluid through the heat exchanger for heat transfer with the medium of thermal storage and in which the temperature difference between the working fluid and the thermal storage medium at an inlet and outlet point of the heat exchanger is less than 50 ° C during heat transfer.
    The proposal presented is not to save thermal energy but to generate thermodynamic work by taking advantage of the energy of the fluids that leave the turbine before entering the condenser or heat exchanger.
    Conclusions: As can be seen from the research carried out, none of the documents found solves the problems raised as the proposed invention does.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The thermal machine with thermodynamic cycle object of the present invention as illustrated in Figure 1 is constituted by:
    - A tank of compressed liquid or mixture of compressed liquids intended to contain the working fluid or fluids, preferably water, other liquids being able to be used such as an aqueous solution of citric acid, hydrocarbons, ethers, oils, among others. That is, substances or mixtures that are in a compressed or subcooled liquid state at room temperature. Said tank is filled with the working liquid or liquids from two possible sources: The first source is when the working liquid or liquids can be recovered and this occurs when the object of the present invention works with high temperature fluids that are supplied by a machine with closed thermal cycle such as Brayton, Rankine, among others. A second source of filling is to use new liquid or liquids for when the object of the present invention works with high temperature fluids that are supplied by thermal machines with open thermal cycle such as Brayton, Diesel, Otto, among others or with industrial processes where The fluids that are discarded have the temperature higher than the saturation temperature of the working fluid.
    A suction line that joins the tank with a pump
    A pump for liquids
    A pump outlet line.
    A high temperature fluid supply line from:
    to. A thermal machine with a cycle open to the atmosphere such as a diesel cycle, an atto cycle, preferably that of a Brayton cycle, whose actual output temperature ranges from 495 to 560 degrees Celsius. The temperature of the supplied fluid must be above the boiling temperature of compressed or subcooled liquids. Taking as reference the water the temperature of the high temperature fluid must be greater than 100 ° C at a pressure of an atmosphere that is the pressure of the environment at sea level.
    b. The high temperature fluid can also come from a boiler, heat exchanger or an industrial process, without the need that it comes only from a thermal machine.
    C. The high temperature fluid comes from a thermal machine with a closed cycle such as Brayton, Rankine, among others. The temperature of the supplied fluid must be above the boiling temperature of compressed or subcooled liquids.
    - Fluid mixing zone.
    A turbineA turbine exit that can go:
    to. To the environment when the object of the present invention works with high temperature fluids that are supplied by machines with open thermal cycle or with high temperature fluids from industrial processes.
    b. To a thermal machine with a closed cycle such as the Brayton, Rankine cycle, among others, to end its cycle when the high temperature fluid comes from them.
    The operation of said thermal machine with thermodynamic cycle is as follows:
    Stage 1: The compressed liquid or the mixture of compressed liquids from the tank is pumped to the mixing zone. At the same time, high temperature fluid is introduced through the supply line to the fluid mixing zone.
    Stage 2: The mixture obtained in the mixing zone increases its speed due to the change in density by evaporation. Stage 3: The mixture is sent to the turbine to perform work by changing kinetic energy. Stage 4: The fluid mixture leaves the turbine and is discharged into the environment or continues with the cycle of a thermal machine with a closed cycle.
    A heat exchanger or a boiler in the outlet line can be added to said thermal machine, said heat exchanger or boiler being able to belong to a thermal machine, which heats the compressed or subcooled liquid to the saturated liquid temperature. The operation of this different embodiment differs from the main one in that in stage 1 the liquid that is pumped into the mixing zone enters as saturated liquid and not as compressed liquid, which in the case of water is 100 ° C at pressure of an atmosphere and in stage 2, when mixed with the high temperature fluid evaporation is done immediately increasing its kinetic energy.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
    For a better understanding of the description there are attached drawings representing a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1: Scheme of the thermal machine with thermodynamic cycle Figure 2: Scheme of thermal machine with Brayton cycle open to the atmosphere
    Figure 3: Diagram of thermal machine with heat exchanger.
    The numerical references of the figures correspond to the following constituent elements of the present invention:
    one. Tank
    2. Working fluid
    3. Brayton open cycle thermal machine
    Four. Suction line
    5. Bomb
    6. Pump outlet line
    7. High temperature fluid
    8. Mixing zone
    9. Turbine
    10. Gases + saturated or superheated steam
    eleven. Heat exchanger
    DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION A preferred embodiment of the invention mentioning said numerical references can be based on:
    - A tank (1) of compressed liquid or mixture of compressed liquids intended to contain the working fluid or fluids (2), preferably water, other liquids being able to be used such as an aqueous solution of citric acid, hydrocarbons, ethers, oils, among others, that is, substances or mixtures that are in a compressed or subcooled liquid state at room temperature. Said tank (1) is filled with the working liquid or liquids (2) from two possible sources: The first source is when the working liquid or liquids (2) can be recovered and this occurs when the object of the present invention works with High temperature fluids (2) that are supplied by a machine with a closed thermal cycle such as Brayton, Rankine, among others. A second source of filling is to use liquid
    or new liquids for when the object of the present invention works with high temperature fluids (2) that are supplied by thermal machines with open thermal cycle such as Brayton (3), Diesel, Otto, among others or with industrial processes where fluids that are discarded have the temperature higher than the saturation temperature of the working fluid (2).
    - A suction line (4) that joins the tank with a pump A pump (5) for liquids An outlet line (6) of the pump. A high temperature fluid supply line (7) from:
    to. A thermal machine with a cycle open to the atmosphere such as a Diesel cycle, an Otto cycle, preferably that of a Brayton cycle (3), whose actual output temperature ranges from 495 to 560 degrees Celsius. The temperature of the supplied fluid must be above the boiling temperature of compressed or subcooled liquids. Taking as reference the water the temperature of the high temperature fluid must be greater than 1000e at a pressure of an atmosphere that is the pressure of the environment at sea level.
    b. The high temperature fluid can also come from a boiler, heat exchanger (11) or an industrial process, without the need for it to come only from a thermal machine.
    C. The high temperature fluid comes from a thermal machine with a closed cycle such as Brayton, Rankine, among others. The temperature of the supplied fluid must be above the boiling temperature of compressed or subcooled liquids.
    - Fluid mixing zone (8).A turbine (9).An outlet (10) of the turbine that can go:
    to. To the environment when the object of the present invention works with high temperature fluids that are supplied by machines with open thermal cycle or with high temperature fluids from industrial processes.
    b. To a thermal machine with a closed cycle such as the Brayton, Rankine cycle, among others, to end its cycle when the high temperature fluid comes from them.
    The operation of said thermal machine with thermodynamic cycle is as follows:
    Stage 1: The compressed liquid or the mixture of compressed liquids (2) from the tank (1) is pumped to the mixing zone (8). At the same time high temperature fluid is introduced through the supply line to the fluid mixing zone (8).
    Stage 2: The mixture obtained in the mixing zone (8) increases its speed due to the change in density by evaporation. Stage 3: The mixture is sent to the turbine (9) to perform work by changing kinetic energy. Stage 4: The mixture of fluids (10) leaves the turbine (9) and is discharged into the environment or continues with the cycle of a thermal machine with closed cycle. A heat exchanger or a boiler (11) can be added to said thermal machine in the outlet line, said said member being able to belong
    heat exchanger or boiler to a thermal machine, which heats the compressed or subcooled liquid to the saturated liquid temperature. The operation of this different embodiment differs from the main one in that in stage 1 the liquid that is pumped into the mixing zone (8) enters as a saturated liquid and not as a compressed liquid, which in the case of water is 100 ° C at the pressure of an atmosphere and in stage 2, when mixed with the high temperature fluid evaporation is done immediately increasing its kinetic energy.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]

    [ 1]
      1.-Thermal machine with thermodynamic cycle, characterized by being constituted by:
    - A tank (1) of compressed liquid or mixture of compressed liquids intended to contain the working fluid or fluids (2), preferably water, other liquids being able to be used such as an aqueous solution of citric acid, hydrocarbons, ethers, oils, among others, in a compressed or subcooled liquid state at room temperature. Said tank (1) is filled with the working liquid or liquids (2) from two possible sources: The first source is when the working liquid or liquids (2) can be recovered and this occurs when said thermal machine works with fluids (2 ) of high temperature that are supplied by a machine with closed thermal cycle such as Brayton or Rankine. A second source of filling said tank is to use new liquid or liquids for when the object of the present invention works with high temperature fluids (2) that are supplied by thermal machines with open thermal cycle such as Brayton (3), Diesel or Otto with industrial processes where the discarded fluids have the temperature higher than the saturation temperature of the working fluid (2).
    - A suction line (4) that joins the tank with a pump
    A pump (5) for liquids
    An outlet line (6) of the pump.
    A high temperature fluid supply line (7) from
    from:
    to. A thermal machine with an open cycle to the atmosphere such as a Diesel cycle or an Otto cycle, preferably that of a Brayton cycle (3), whose actual outlet temperature ranges from 495 to 560 degrees Celsius, the fluid temperature must be supplied above the boiling temperature of compressed or subcooled liquids. Taking as reference the water the temperature of the high temperature fluid must be greater than 100 ° C at a pressure of one atmosphere.
    b. Either a boiler or an industrial process.
    C. Or a closed-loop thermal machine such as Brayton or Rankine.
    - Fluid mixing zone (8).A turbine (9).An outlet (10) of the turbine that can go:
    to. To the environment when the object of the present invention works with high temperature fluids that are supplied by machines with open thermal cycle or with high temperature fluids from industrial processes.
    b. To a closed cycle thermal machine like the Brayton cycle
    or Rankine.
    [2]
    2.-Thermal machine with thermodynamic cycle, according to claim 1, characterized in that a heat exchanger (11) or a boiler is added to said thermal machine, said heat exchanger (11) or boiler can belong to a thermal machine that heats the compressed or subcooled liquid to the saturated liquid temperature.
    [3]
    3.-Operating procedure of the thermal machine with thermodynamic cycle of claims 1 and 2, characterized by the following steps:
    Stage 1: The compressed liquid or the mixture of compressed liquids (2) from the tank (1) is pumped into the mixing zone (8) and simultaneously high temperature fluid is introduced through the supply line to the fluid mixing zone (8).
    Stage 2: The mixture obtained in the mixing zone (8) increases its speed due to the change in density by evaporation.
    Stage 3: The mixture is sent to the turbine (9) to perform a job by
    Kinetic energy change.
    Stage 4: The fluid mixture (10) leaves the turbine (9) and is discharged to the
    ambient or continue with the cycle of a thermal machine with closed cycle.
    S 4.-Thermal machine operation procedurewithcycle
    thermodynamic according to claim 3, characterized in that in stage 1 the
    liquid that is pumped into the mixing zone (8) enters as saturated liquid and does not
    as a compressed liquid, which in the case of water is 100 ° C at the pressure of
    an atmosphere and in stage 2, when mixed with the high temperature fluid, the
    10 Evaporation is done immediately by increasing your kinetic energy.
     FIG 1 
    r ------ ~ ------------------------------------------ ---------------:
    ,
    ,
    ,
     l '- 3
     FIG 2
    eleven
    FIG 3
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2585879B1|2017-07-25|
    US20160298496A1|2016-10-13|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3605466A1|1986-02-20|1987-08-27|Artur Richard Greul|Closed gas turbine process in the indirect process|
    US5956937A|1994-08-25|1999-09-28|Clean Energy Systems, Inc.|Reduced pollution power generation system having multiple turbines and reheater|
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    US9284857B2|2012-06-26|2016-03-15|The Regents Of The University Of California|Organic flash cycles for efficient power production|RU2661418C1|2017-01-24|2018-07-16|Сергей Вячеславович Поспелов|Turbocharger thermal machine operating on a closed thermodynamic cycle with internal heat recovery|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201500251A|ES2585879B1|2015-04-10|2015-04-10|Thermal machine with thermodynamic cycle and its operating procedure|ES201500251A| ES2585879B1|2015-04-10|2015-04-10|Thermal machine with thermodynamic cycle and its operating procedure|
    US14/722,172| US20160298496A1|2015-04-10|2015-05-27|Thermic machine with thermodynamic cycle and the operation thereof|
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